From Sheep to Sweater: The Icelandic Lopapeysa

Meet a farmer, knitter and guide who transforms raw wool into warm, weather-proof pieces of cultural heritage.

In Iceland you’ll notice both locals and visitors wearing knitted wool sweaters. Many of them feature a distinctive patterned yoke across the shoulders and chest. This type of sweater is called a lopapeysa – literally translated as “wool-sweater”. However, the art isn´t limited to sweaters alone – socks, hats, mittens and even “beer mittens” are commonly made from Icelandic wool. But what makes a wool sweater so special?  

The secret lies in the wool itself. Icelandic sheep have adapted to the harsh climate over centuries, producing wool that is both insulating and breathable. The wool consists of two layers: a soft inner layer for warmth and a coarser outer layer that helps repel wind and moisture. This is why a lopapeysa can keep you warm even in damp or windy weather, perfect for Iceland’s ever-changing conditions. 

Whether your sweater was knitted by your grandmother or purchased at a local wool shop, an authentic wool-sweater is a must, especially in a country like Iceland. Many travellers are surprised to learn that these wool sweaters are often worn as outerwear rather than layered under jackets, particularly during mild but windy days.  

What to expect when wearing Icelandic Wool  

One thing visitors should know is that Icelandic wool can feel a bit scratchy at first, which is completely normal and part of what makes it so durable. Wearing a thin layer underneath usually solves the issue, and over time you should get used to it. To ensure the best thermal insulation, it is best that the inner layer is also made of wool (softer wool products are available!).  

The Sheep Farmer Who Knits Sweaters from Her Own Sheep´s Wool 

Hanna Valdís Guðjónsdóttir is a local sheep farmer and one of the many local women who knit these sweaters. Hanna uses wool from her own sheep and has recently begun sharing her knowledge with others. She offers instruction leaflets – and even boxed kits with materials – so people can make their own authentic wool socks or sweaters at home. One of her sweater designs is inspired by the Caves of Hella, where she also leads fascinating tours in her spare time, blending craftsmanship, history, and local storytelling. The pattern for the Hella Sweater can be purchased at the Caves of Hella reception. 

For travellers looking to take home a meaningful souvenir, a lopapeysa isn´t just a sweater – it´s a piece of Icelandic culture, shaped by nature, tradition, and generations of skilled hands. You can find several authentic wool stores in Iceland e.g. the cozy Woolmarket in Hella. Shop local for an authentic wool sweater made with care and most likely by the woman sitting at the counter!